Allergies in Dogs/Cats: Common Allergens & Treatment
Allergies in Dogs/Cats: Common Allergens & Treatment
If your dog suffers from allergies, they might be constantly scratching, licking, or experiencing skin irritation—even disrupting your sleep at night. You may also notice symptoms like digestive issues or reactions similar to hay fever.
No matter the signs, you’re likely looking for ways to help your furry companion find relief through pet visitation from an expert. Here’s what you need to know about managing your cats and dog’s allergies.
Understanding Dog/Cat's Allergies
Allergies in dogs/cats occur when their immune system overreacts to harmless substances like pollen, dust, or certain food ingredients. The immune response leads to inflammation that affects the respiratory system, digestive tract, or skin.
This inflammation often results in redness, itchiness, and a compromised skin barrier. When dogs/cats lick or scratch excessively, secondary bacterial or yeast infections can develop.
Understanding Dog/Cat's Allergies
If your dog/cat has allergies, you may notice one or more of the following symptoms:
- Skin Issues: Red, itchy skin (especially on the paws, belly, armpits, head, face, and ears), hives, rashes, or “hot spots.”
- Infections: Frequent skin or ear infections.
- Fur Loss: Excessive shedding or bald patches.
- Digestive Problems: Diarrhea, vomiting, or other gastrointestinal issues.
- Respiratory Symptoms: Sneezing, runny nose, coughing, or wheezing.
- Eye Irritation: Red, puffy, or watery eyes.
- Scooting: Dragging their rear on the floor.
- Severe Reactions: Anaphylactic shock (facial swelling, breathing difficulties, sudden vomiting or diarrhea). This is rare but requires immediate veterinary attention.
What Is My Dog/Cat Allergic To?
Not all dogs/cats experience the same allergies. The severity and affected areas vary depending on the type of allergen.
Environmental & Seasonal Allergies
Dogs/Cats with environmental allergies react to airborne allergens like pollen, mold, and dust mites. These allergies often cause seasonal flare-ups but may become year-round over time. Inherited environmental allergies are known as atopy.
Flea Allergies
Flea Allergy Dermatitis (FAD) is the most common skin allergy in dogs/cats. It occurs when dogs/cats react to flea saliva, not the flea itself. Even a single bite can trigger intense scratching, leading to infections and skin damage.
Food Allergies
Food allergies affect only about 10% of allergic dogs but can still be problematic. Common food allergens include:
- Beef
- Chicken
- Lamb
- Soy
- Wheat
Food allergies often cause digestive issues but can also result in skin problems that mimic environmental allergies.
Contact Allergies
Some dogs react to specific substances they touch, such as laundry detergents, carpets, or shampoos. Reactions are usually localized to the contact area.
Other Inhaled Allergies
Dogs/Cats may also be sensitive to strong scents like perfume or smoke, which can cause respiratory symptoms.
What Causes Allergies in Dogs/Cats?
Most allergies are genetic. Some breeds, such as Bulldogs, Retrievers, Terriers, Shih Tzus, and Shar-Peis, are more prone to allergies. Symptoms usually appear between 6 months to 3 years of age and may be influenced by environmental factors or location changes.
How Are Allergies Diagnosed in Dogs/Cats?
Diagnosing allergies can be complex. Veterinarians rule out other conditions first, such as skin mites or anxiety-related behaviors. Common diagnostic steps include:
- Skin or Ear Swabs: To check for bacteria, yeast, or mites.
- Blood Tests: To rule out conditions like hypothyroidism.
- Food Trials: A strict elimination diet for 1-3 months helps determine food allergies.
- Allergy Testing: Blood or skin tests identify environmental allergens specific to your location.
How Are Dog/Cat Allergies Treated?
While there is no cure, allergies can be managed effectively.
1. Flea Allergy Treatment
- Year-round flea prevention is essential, even in winter.
- Even if fleas aren’t visible, dogs/cats can react to just one bite.
2. Food Allergy Treatment
- Stick to a strict hypoallergenic diet.
- Avoid common treats, table scraps, and flavored medications that may contain allergens.
3. Environmental Allergy Management
- Immunotherapy (Allergy Shots): Customized injections help build tolerance over time.
- Medications: Prescription allergy treatments can ease symptoms.
Bathing & Grooming: Regular baths with allergy-relieving shampoos like oatmeal or aloe can soothe skin.
4. Managing Skin Infections & Hot Spots
- Use vet-recommended ointments or creams for flare-ups.
- Treat secondary infections promptly to prevent worsening symptoms.
5. Home Remedies & Prevention Tips
- Monitor allergy forecasts and limit outdoor time on high-pollen days.
- Regularly clean your home and change air filters.
- Wipe your dog’s paws and belly after walks to remove allergens.
- Provide skin and allergy supplements like omega fatty acids and probiotics.
Allergies can be frustrating for both you and your dog/cat, but with proper management, your furry friend can lead a comfortable, itch-free life. Consult your vet to create a personalized allergy management plan and help your pup enjoy their days to the fullest!
Schedule Your Pet’s Consultation Today!
Contact Urban Pawz Animal Clinic to schedule your pet’s consultation. Our team is ready to help your pet recover and thrive with our professional, community-centered approach to veterinary care.
